Improvement in microscopes



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. H. BULLOOH.

Microscope.

Patented May 27, 1879.

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

Microscope.

No. 215,878. Patented May 27,1879.

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N.PETERS. PHOTOVUTHOGRAPHER, WASHNQTON. r. c

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

' WALTER H. BULLo'oH, or CHICAGOILLINOIS.

IMPROVEMENT IN MICROSCOPES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 215,878, dated May 27,1879; application filed March 27, 1879. I

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WALTER H. BULLooH, of the city of Chicago, Cookcounty, Illinois, have invented new and useful Improvements inMicroscopes, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is, first, to simplify and provide moreefiicient means for using the mirror and sub-stage with its accompanyingaccessories; second, to provide a more efficient method of perfectingthe fine adjustment; third, in simplifying the adjusting of the stage tothe optical axis.

It is evident that in the construction of microscopes, to obviate asmuch as possible the defect of the slightest lateral movement in thesliding fittings, the line of motion should be placed as near aspossible to the optical axis.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part of the specification Figure 1is a side elevation, in section, through the line a a, showingpinion-box and lever bar connecting with micrometer-screw; also, substage and mirror and revolving stage in position. Fig. 2 represents afront elevation,- with the mirror and sub-stage in different positionsworking independent of each other. Fig. 3 is a cross-section through thebody of the instrument, sho wing pinion-box on line L 1. Fig. 4 is acrosssection through the line 0 0, showing mirror,

partition, sub-stage, stage carrier or support, and stage-ring, with theclamp-screw R and spring g. Figs. 5, 6, 7, 10, and 11 are details ofsub-stage, partition,and mirror; Figs.8 and 9, stage carrier or support.

Similar letters of reference indicate the same parts in all figures.

S S are two standards upon the ordinary tripod-base B, whose upperportions are perforated for the trunnions t, by which the instrument canbe inclined to any angle desired.

The frame 0 or limb is preferably of the form shown, supporting at thelower end the sub-stage and accessories, and at the upper end the bodywith its accompanying slow motion. The limb e is perforated with a taperhole, d, which is perpendicular to the optical axis of the body, whichis indicated by the line a a. In the taper hole is fitted the hollowcenter of the mirror m, through which passes the hollow center of thepartition-piece 1), that separates the sub-stage and mirror. At theupper part of disk of partition 1) is a piece that acts as a key, j,Figs. 6 and 10, which prevents it from turning or communicating anymotion between the sub-stage and mirror. Through the hollow center ofthe partition passes the long center of the substage.

By this method of fitting, the sub-stage and mirror have greatersteadiness and freedom of motion around the axis 0 0, or they can beclamped in any position by the milled head a. The upper part of limb cis slotted in the usual manner. Part of the frame is cut away andanother piece fitted in the same position, and slotted the same as thelimb c. This latter piece is marked f.

The usual pinion, with its accompanying milled heads, is fitted toconnect with the rack on the body-tube for the coarse motion. By thismode of fitting there is only one slide, with less chance of getting outof order.

The under part of F is provided with friction-pulley, which connectswith end of lever h, which is pivoted at c, and atlthe back end of hwith micrometer-screw y. The upper end of the limb is perforated with ahole, in which is inserted spiral spring w, which keeps a constantpressure on top of pinion-boxf.

When the micrometer-screw is turned to the right the lever h isdepressed, thus elevating the pinion-box f, carrying the body-tube withit, at the same time compressing spiral spring 20. When the screw isturned the contrary direction the spring assists in carrying thebody-tube downward.

Heretofore in centering the stage to the optical axis it has been doneby a ring inside of an outside ring, in which the screws operate toeither draw or push the interior ring into position. By this method thestage, in order to use it for oblique light, has to be madeunnecessarily large.

By my method, in place of a whole ring, I use a segment, or what mightbe called a saddle-piece, to which the stage-ring is at tached, andadjusted by means of push and draw screws to the optical axis. When itis not desirable to revolve the stage the front of ring is provided withclamp-screw r.

In order to lessen the friction the adjustable stage-ring n is dividedin three-places. In two positions are fixed rests, and infront spring.rest or clamp,so that the stage can be clamped 3. The combination ofsegment or support with push and draw screws for centering stagering,substantially as herein shown and described.

4. The combination of clamp-screw r with adjustable concentric stage nand spring g, substantially as herein shown and described.

5. The combination of sliding pinion-box with the main slide,micrometer-screw, lever h, and spiral spring w, substantially as hereinshown and described.

WALTER H. BULLQG H.

Witnesses JOHN LILLEY, OnAs. J. DAVIS.

